This was a period of great artistic ferment and debate in Moscow. Īfter disagreements between Chagall and Malevich led to the disbandment of the Institute in 1921, Lissitzky returned to Moscow to teach architecture at the newly established VKhUTEMAS. Propaganda also became a more overt part of Lissitzky's artistic mission at this time during the civil war, he worked in the suprematist collective UNOVIS as a designer of agitational posters meant to incite workers back to the factory benches and to rally Jews around Bolshevism. In September, he was joined by Kazimir Malevich, whose system of nonobjective art, suprematism, inspired Lissitzky to take up painting and to invent his own form of abstract art, which he named Proun in 1920. At the invitation of Marc Chagall, Lissitzky began a new position teaching architecture, graphic arts, and printing at the Vitebsk Popular Art Institute. Lissitzky's move in July 1919 from the relative isolation of the Bolshevik-controlled city of Kiev back to Vitebsk brought with it a shift in focus from Yiddish culture to architecture and book design. Toward the end of his stay in Kiev, Lissitzky worked for the art section of the local branch of IZO Narkompros. In early 1919, he helped found the publishing house Kultur-Lige, which became a leading force in the dissemination of Yiddish culture in Ukraine. Following the February Revolution of 1917, Lissitzky moved from Moscow to Kiev where he devoted himself to the illustration of Yiddish books, especially for children, and organised and submitted work for exhibitions of Jewish art in Moscow. With the artist Issachar Ryback, he set off on an expedition organized by the Jewish Historical and Ethnographic Society to study and record the ornamentation and inscriptions in synagogues located along the Dnieper River. In 1916 Lissitzky became deeply involved in a Russian national movement to create a revival of Yiddish culture for modern Russian Jews. In 1915-16 he worked in various architectural offices in Moscow and St. He enrolled as a student of engineering and architecture at the Riga Polytechnical Institute, temporarily quartered in Moscow, and received his diploma on 3 June 1918 with the degree of engineer-architect. During his studies, in 1912 he traveled in Germany and also to France and Italy, but was forced to return to Russia during the summer of 1914, after the outbreak of World War I. Petersburg Academy of Art, Lissitzky left Russia for the first time to enroll at the Technische Hochschule in Darmstadt, Germany, where he studied architectural engineering. In 1909, after being turned down by the St. He grew up in Vitebsk, a small Jewish town in Belorussia, where he took art lessons in 1903 from Russian painter Iurii (Yehuda) Moiseevich Pen, who also taught Marc Chagall.
Life and work Early years īorn Lazar Markovich (El) Lissitzky (Ла́зарь Ма́ркович Лиси́цкий) in 1890 to an educated middle-class Jewish family in Pochinok, Smolensk Province, Russia. 1.4 Exhibition work in Germany and Russia.
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